What is Data Flow Diagram  

Posted by Rajiv Pandey in , , ,

The Data Flow Diagram is commonly used also for the visualization of structured design data processing. The normal flow is represented graphically. A designer typically draws context level DFD first showing interaction between the system and the outside entities. Then this context level DFD will then be exploded in order to further show the details of system being modeled.

A DFD is one of the three essential perspectives of Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM). In this method, both the project sponsors and the end users need to collaborate closely throughout the whole stages of the evolution of the system. Having a DFD will make the collaboration easy because the end users will be able to visualize the operation of the system, the will see a better perspective what the system will accomplish and how the whole project will be implemented.

A project implementation can also be made more efficient especially in progress monitoring. The DFD of the old system can be laid side by side with the new system's DFD so that comparisons can be made and weak points can be identified so that the appropriate innovations can be developed.

There are four components of a data flow diagram which are the following:
External Entities / Terminators - These refer or points to the outside parts of the system being developed or modeled. Terminators, depending on whether data flows into or from the system, are often called sinks or sources. They represent the information as wherever it comes from or where it goes.
Processes – The Processes component modifies the inputs and corresponding outputs.
Data Stores – refers to any place or area or storage where data will be placed whether temporarily or permanently.
Data Flows – refers to the way data will be transferred from one terminator to another, or through processes and data stores.

As a general rules, every page in a DFD should not contain more than 10 components. So, if there are more than 10 components in one processes, one or more components should have to be combined and then make another DFD to detail the combination in another page.
Each component needs to be number. Same goes for each subcomponent so that it will be easy to follow visually. For example, a top level DFD must have components numbered 1,2,3,4,5 and next level subcomponent (for instance of number 2) numbered 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and so on.
There are two approaches to developing a DFD. The first approach is the Top Down Approach where a DFD starts with a context level DVD and then the system is slowly decomposed until the graphical detail goes down to a primitive level.

The other approach, Event Partitioning Approach, was described by Edward Yourdon in Just Enough Structured Analysis. In Event Partitioning Approach, a detailed DFD is constructed all events are made. For every event, a process is constructed and then each process is linked with other processes through data stores. Each process' reaction to a given event is modeled by an outgoing data flow.

There many DFD tools available in the market today. Some of these DFD tools include Microsoft Visio, ConceptDraw, Dia, SmartDraw and SILVERRUN ModelSphere. Most of these tools have drag and drop capabilities and have analysis tools to help a designer see instant potential flaw in the diagram so correction can done immediately.

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A Career In Corporate Law  

Posted by Rajiv Pandey in , , ,

To be a lawyer, one needs to be a qualified in the field of law. To be a graduate in law, it takes four years in undergraduate school and three years' specialization in law through a law school. In this case, specialization would be in corporate law. To practice law, you need a license. To get the license, you first need to pass the bar exam - an examination that will test your knowledge, character and attitude. After the test, students are then recruited by law firms.

Junior Corporate Associate

As a junior corporate lawyer, you will be learning things the hard way. As a junior corporate associate, you have to do the grunt work of organizing documents, faxing, proofreading, copying, scheduling meetings, etc. In addition to these, the junior associate also has various other duties. These duties can be classified into various categories such as drafting contracts and conducting reviews, preparing filings, due diligence and writing of memoranda. A lot of a junior associates' time is spend doing research work. A lot of trial and error work goes on into drafting contracts, security disclosure statements and corporate resolutions - and these are things that are not necessarily taught in law school. The junior associate, at times, has to spend a lot of time proofreading.

A law firm may later offer a junior associate the role of a partner. This involves working on individual projects and having junior associates working for you. So to be a good corporate leader, you will need to be hard working, diligent and possess excellent problem solving skills. A corporate lawyer gets paid extremely well, but the job it involves a lot of hard work. Many corporate attorneys work in excess of 60 hours a week.

What Does A Corporate Lawyer Do?

A corporate lawyer mostly works in the legal department of a business, as a legal advisor. Their work includes dealing with issues of taxes, employee rights, amalgamations, mergers and acquisitions. In short, a corporate lawyer has to ensure the legality of commercial transactions. There are other types of practice a corporate lawyer could undertake, and not all lawyers do the same type of job. Some provide advice on legal or/and non-legal issues to the corporation. In this area, the work of a corporate lawyer starts from the formation a corporation and goes on through the life of the business. Until it is dissolved.

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